STUDY TIME

POLITICAL SCIENCE

ANNUAL QUESTION PAPER SOLVED

MORNING SHIFT (2022-23)

CLASS-XI

TIME: 3 Hours.                                                           M.M.-80

Instruction:

(1) There are total 30 questions in this question paper. All questions are compulsory.

(2) Question numbers 1-12 are multiple choice questions of 1 mark each.

(3) Question numbers 13-18 are of 2 marks each. Answer to each question should not exceed 50 words.

(4) Question numbers 19-23 are of 4 marks each. Answer to each of these questions should not exceed 100 words.

(5) Question numbers 24-26 are passage, cartoon and picture based questions. Answer accordingly.

(6) Question numbers 27-30 are of 6 marks each. Answer to each of these questions should not exceed 170 words.

(7) There is an internal choice in the questions of 6 marks.

 

Section - A (12 Marks)

Question 1. An example of direct democracy in India is -

A.Assembly

B.Parliament

C Gram Sabha

D Municipal Corporation

Answer. C Gram Sabha.

Question 2. The tenure of the members of Rajya Sabha is ____.

A4 years

B. 5 years

C6 years

D 2 years

Answer. C6 years.

Question 3. When did the era of coalition governments at the Center begin in India?

1986

B1987

1989

D2000

Answer. 1989.

Question 4. Which of the following is not a function of the Judiciary?

A. Interpretation of the Constitution

B. policy making

C Consultant Role

D protection of fundamental rights

Answer. B. Policy making.

Statement Reason Question.

Directions for question number 5 and 6.

In the question given below, two statements are marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read these statements and choose the correct answer from the given options-

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(B) Both A and R are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

(C) A is correct but R is incorrect.

(D) A is wrong but R is correct.

Question 5. Assertion: Indian secularism does not merely stress the separation between religion and the state.

Reason: Indian secularism is fundamentally different from Western secularism.

Answer. (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Question 6. Assertion: During the last two centuries, nationalism has emerged as a compelling political theory that has contributed to the making of history.

Reason: Separatist conflicts are common within existing nations.

Answer. (B) Both A and R are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.

Question 7. The principle of harm is related to -

A Plato

B Aristotle

C JS Mill

D Karl Marx

Answer. C JS Mill.

Question 8. Match the concept given below with suitable examples.

A. Affirmative Action I. Every adult citizen has the right to vote.

B. Equality of opportunity II. Banks charge higher rates of interest to senior citizens.

C Equal rights III. Every child should get free education.

notation -

A. A-I, B-II, C-III

B. A-II, B-I, C-III

C. A-III, B-II, C-I

D. A-II, B-III, C-I

Answer. D. A-II, B-III, C-I

Question 9. Which statement is true regarding nationalism? choose the correct option.

I. Many nations do not have a common language of their own.

II. The nation is largely an imaginary community.

III. A nation is not made up of elements like shared faith, common history, land area and shared political identity.

IV. People of different religions and languages ​​live together in the land area.

coded -

A (i), (ii), (iii)

B (i), (ii), (iv)

C (ii), (iii), (iv)

D (i), (iii), (iv)

Answer. B (i), (ii), (iv)

Question 10. Which of the following is a means of losing citizenship?

A long stay

B government job

C involved in the war

D long absence

Answer. D. Long absence.

Question 11. The word secular was added to the Preamble of the Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment in the year ____.

A 1972

B 1974

C 1976

D 1978

Answer. C 1976.

Question 12. "Equal protection by the state to all religions" in independent India. Whose statement is this?

A. Jawaharlal Nehru

B Mahatma Gandhi

C Dr B R Ambedkar

D Subhash Chandra Bose

Answer. A Jawaharlal Nehru.

Section - B (12 Marks)

Question 13. What are the different dimensions of nationalism? write.

Answer. While the concept of nationalism has played an important role in getting freedom from another tyrannical regime, on the other hand it has also played its role as a cause of bitterness and war. The integration of small princely states to the consolidation of nation states has contributed to the decline of large empires.

Question 14. Why is there a need to amend the constitution?

Answer. Amendment in the constitution is required because according to the time when any provision has to be included in the constitution, it is included through constitutional amendment and through this the constitution remains alive.

Q 15. What is the procedure for the appointment of the Prime Minister of India?

Answer. The Prime Minister of India is appointed by the President and the President appoints such a person as the Prime Minister who has obtained majority in the Lok Sabha elections.

Question 16. Write any two features of equality.

Answer. The two main features of equality are as follows –

1. The main feature of equality is that in this all persons are treated equally.

2. An important feature of equality is also that it lacks any kind of privilege.

Question 17. Write any two defects of the Indian electoral system.

Answer. Some of the major drawbacks of the Indian electoral system are as follows -

1. The biggest shortcoming in the Indian election system is the arbitrary use of money in it.

2. One of the biggest drawbacks in the Indian election system is that criminal tendencies get involved in the elections.

3. There is also a flaw in the Indian election system that there is no prescribed educational qualification for contesting elections.

Question 18. Write any two differences between religious freedom and secularism.

Answer. The two major differences between religious freedom and secularism are as follows -

1. Religious freedom is a right of the individual that pertains to the individual while secularism is a concept related to the state.

2. Religious freedom provides freedom to an individual regarding religion, on the other hand, secularism associates the state with the protection and protection of all religions.

Section - C (20 Marks)

Question 19. Describe any four political rights of the citizens.

Answer. The main four political rights of the citizens are as follows-

1. Every citizen has the right to vote. A person who becomes an adult has the right to vote in an election.

2. Every citizen also has the right to contest elections. If a person is eligible for any election, he can stand as a candidate in that election.

3. Every citizen has the right to get any government post.

4. Every citizen has the right to form any type of political party.

Question 20. Give any two arguments in favor and against the free market.

Answer. Arguments in favor of free market:

1. The main feature of the free market is that under it everyone gets equal opportunities to develop.

2. The intervention of the state in the free market system is only nominal.

Arguments against free market:

1. One of the biggest drawbacks of the free market is that only the strong can grow in it.

2. No care is taken of the deprived sections of the society in the free market.

Question 21. Write any four federal features of the Indian Constitution.

Answer. Any such country is called a country with a federal system where there is a division of powers. India is also a country with a federal system and here the government is divided into 3 levels. Some of the essential elements or features of federal government are as follows -

1. One of the main features of the federal government system is the division of powers. India has a federal system of government because three lists of powers have been made in India, the Union List, the State List and the Concurrent List.

2. A written constitution is found in the federal government system. India has a federal system of government and there is also a written constitution here. The Constitution of India is the largest written constitution in the world.

3. The supremacy of the constitution is also a major feature of the federal government system. Federal system of governance has been established in India and here the constitution is the supreme law which has to be followed compulsorily by all.

4. An independent and fair judiciary is also a major feature or feature of the federal government system. An independent and impartial judiciary has been arranged in India, which has been given the freedom to decide and act without any external pressure.

Question 22. Why should we study political theory? Write in detail.

Answer. We can understand the importance of the study of political theory through the following points -

1. The major importance of the study of political theory is that it plays an important role in making the citizens of the country aware. Through political theory, the citizens of the country become aware and understand the governance process of the country.

2. It is also necessary to study political theory because through political theory we can successfully solve the problems of the future. Helps in solving different types of problems in political theory.

3. One of the importance of the study of political theory is that it gives a person the ability to make rational decisions. Through political theory, a person gets the power to reason and he is able to decide right from wrong.

4. A special importance of the study of political theory is also that it is essential for the successful functioning of democracy. It is very easy to understand the various dimensions of democracy through political theory.

5. Through political theory, there is a lot of help in making a comparative study of the governance systems of other countries. Through political theory, we get to know the political systems of different countries and we are able to make various reforms to improve the governance system of our country.

6. Through political theory, citizens get to know about their rights and duties. The citizens of the country become aware of their rights and duties and become a responsible citizen.

Question 23. What are the problems faced by the Panchayati Raj Institutions? Describe any four.

Answer. There are many types of problems before the Panchayati Raj Institutions, some of which are as follows -

1. One of the biggest challenges before the Panchayati Raj institutions is that politics has completely dominated the Panchayat elections. At present, the elections of Panchayats are no less than a battlefield and due to these elections, mutual differences are also increasing among the people.

2. One big problem of Panchayati institutions is that even after so many years, these institutions have not become a symbol of people's power. There is still a lack of faith of the people in the panchayats.

3. A big challenge before the Panchayati Raj Institutions also comes in the form of the challenge of finance. Panchayati institutions are not able to perform their functions well because they also face financial problems and they get insufficient resources of income.

4. One of the biggest problems of Panchayati Raj institutions is that the three-tier form of Panchayats has not been established in all the states of India. There are only two levels of panchayats in any state and only one level is found in some states.

Section - D (12 Marks)

Question 24. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.

To be truly secular, the state must not only refuse to be theocratic, it must also refrain from any formal legal alliance with any religion. Separation of religion and state power Secularism is necessary for state power, but it alone is not sufficient. A secular state must be committed to principles and goals that emanate, at least in part, from non-religious sources.

1. What must state power do to be truly secular?

A must be religious

B has to refuse to be religious.

C Religious alliance will have to be made.

D religions have to be opposed.

Answer. B has to refuse to be religious.

2. What principles and goals should a secular state commit to?

A Which is partially correct.

B which emanates from non-religious sources.

C Which emanates partly from non-religious sources.

D be anti-religious.

Answer. C Which emanates partly from non-religious sources.

3. What is necessary for religion and state power?

A. Separation of religion and state.

B intimacy.

Promotion of religion.

D commitment.

Answer. A. Separation of religion and state.

4. Which of the following is not a feature of the Indian secular state?

A state has no religion.

B Religious freedom.

Equality in all religions.

D Protection of any one religion.

Answer. D Protection of any one religion.

Question 25. Study the figure given below and answer the following questions.

1. Which fundamental right is being violated in the picture?

A. Right to equality.

B Right to liberty.

C Right against exploitation.

D Right to religious freedom.

Answer. C Right against exploitation.

2. What is the condition shown in the picture?

A. Community.

B Child labour.

C inequality.

D Slavery.

Answer. B Child labour.

3. According to the constitution, children below the age of ___ cannot be employed in hazardous work.

A 13 years.

B. 14 years.

C. 16 years.

D 18 years.

Answer. B. 14 years.

4. The right against exploitation is described in article _____ of the constitution.

A 14-18

B19-22

C 23-24

D 25-28

Answer. C 23-24

Note: In place of question number 25, there is the following question for visually impaired students.

1. How long did it take to make the constitution of India?

A 3 years 11 months 12 days.

B 1 year 11 months 20 days.

C 2 years 9 months 12 days.

D 2 years 11 months 18 days.

Answer. D 2 years 11 months 18 days.

2. The Directive Principles of State Policy were taken from the constitution of which country?

Ireland.

B England.

Canada.

D Japan.

Answer. A.Ireland.

3. Fundamental rights are described in ____

Is.

A. Article 12-25

B Article 14-32

C Article 12-35

D Article 14-51

Answer. C Article 12-35

4. In which article of the constitution the process of constitutional amendment is mentioned?

A 366

B367

C 368

D 369

Answer. 368.

Question 26. Study the cartoon given below and answer the questions that follow.

1. In what role is the Judiciary shown in the cartoon?

A Consultant.

B. Appellate.

C judicial activism.

D appointee.

Answer. C judicial activism.

2. Such cases which are filed by someone else on behalf of the victim are called _____ petitions.

A common interest.

B public interest.

C fundamental.

D Advisory.

Answer. B public interest.

3. The largest body of appeal in India is ____.

A. Attorney General.

B High Court.

C District Court.

D Supreme Court.

Answer. D Supreme Court.

4. The power of the Supreme Court to examine the constitutionality of laws passed by the legislature is called ____.

A judicial review.

B Advisory.

C appellate.

D Constitutional.

Answer. A judicial review.

Note: In place of question number 26, there is the following question for visually impaired students.

1. Which of the following is not the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?

A Court of Record.

B. Original Jurisdiction.

C. Appellate Jurisdiction.

D Political Jurisdiction.

Answer. D Political Jurisdiction.

2. Who administers the oath to the judges of the Supreme Court?

A prime minister.

B. President.

C Attorney General.

D Chief Justice.

Answer. B. President.

3. Judges of the Supreme Court can be removed from office by ______.

A. President.

B. Misbehavior and incapacity.

C Governor.

D Prime Minister.

Answer. B. Misbehavior and incapacity.

4. Which country has included Public Interest Litigation in its constitution?

A America.

B South Africa.

C Japan.

D India.

Answer. A. America.

Section - D (24 Marks)

Question 27. Describe in detail the methods of amending the Indian Constitution.

Answer. The simple meaning of constitutional amendment is to include those provisions in the constitution which are not there in the constitution and if necessary, to remove the old provisions and add new provisions.

Article 368 of the Indian Constitution deals with the amendment of the Constitution. There are three main methods of amending the Indian Constitution which are as follows -

1. Ordinary Law - The first method to amend the Indian Constitution is the Ordinary Law and through this method the Parliament can make some amendments with a simple majority. Some of these topics are as follows: formation of new states, determination of their boundaries, formation or abolition of the Legislative Council of the states, citizenship, general elections, privileges of MPs, etc.

2. Special method - The second method of amendment in the Indian constitution is the method of special majority. According to this process, a constitution amendment bill can be presented in any house and then a motion can be passed by a simple majority of the total strength of the house and a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting. The same process will be completed in the second house and then the constitution becomes amended after the President signs it. Most of the provisions of the Indian Constitution are amended through this process, fundamental rights, policy directives etc.

3. Special Majority and Support of the States - This method of amending the Indian Constitution is very difficult. According to this method, if amendment is to be made, then after the full majority of the total members of the house and two-thirds majority of the present members, after the second house The same process is repeated and after this the constitution amendment bill is sent to the states legislative assembly for approval and it is necessary to have the support of at least half of the state assemblies of India. After the consent of the states is obtained, the process of constitutional amendment is completed after the signature of the President. In this way, the amendment of the constitution mainly takes place in the election of the President, the method of election of the President, the executive power of the Union, the executive power of the States, the High Court of the States, the Federal Court etc.

OR

Question. Explain in detail the following terms mentioned in the Indian Constitution.

A. Equality.

B. Secularism.

C. Socialism.

Answer. A. Equality: The word parallel has been used in the Indian Constitution under the Preamble and Fundamental Rights of the Constitution of India. The simple meaning of the word equality is when a person is not discriminated against on the basis of caste, religion, language, gender, place of birth etc. and is treated equally. Article 14 to 18 describes the fundamental right to equality under the fundamental rights of the Indian Constitution. These equality rights promote equality in India.

B. Secularism - The word secularism has also been used in the Indian Constitution and India has declared itself a secular country. This means that India does not consider any religion as its state religion but considers people of all religions living in India as equal and also provides them equal protection and security.

C. Socialism: India has also adopted the socialist system and tried to incorporate various qualities of socialism in the country's governance system. The word socialism means equal welfare of all classes in the society and implementing a welfare system by which everyone gets benefits. India has used the word socialism in the preamble of its constitution which shows that India is a socialist country.

Question 28. What are the problems of refugees? How can the concept of global citizenship help them?

Answer. The main problems of refugees are as follows -

1. No country accepts these people and hesitates to give them citizenship.

2. All of them are forced to live in refugee camps or as illegal migrants and not enough attention is being paid to these people.

3. A big problem of refugees is that these people are not able to provide proper education to their children.

4. A big problem of refugees is also that they are not able to earn any kind of property because these jobs are not available.

5. A big problem of refugees is that these people are deprived of their homes and political identity as well as security which is a big problem.

The concept of global citizenship can solve the problem of refugees to a great extent because the way technological revolution and information technology have brought all the countries of the world closer to each other, countries are connecting their borders in such a way that Due to which any citizen can come to any country and can also use the facilities there.

Or

Question. Generally, local people oppose the movement of people from one region to another within the country. But what can migrants contribute to the local economy? Write a careful answer.

Answer. The economy is getting benefits in many ways through expatriates, which we can understand through the following points –

1. In general, people move to different parts of the country in search of employment and through this process both skilled and unskilled labor markets have developed in different parts of the country.

2. It is through this kind of diaspora that many cities have become information and technology hubs. Bangalore and Gurgaon are prime examples of this in India.

3. These types of migrants are found in different parts of the country and these people strengthen the development stream of the country through their services. Nurses coming from the state of Kerala render their services all over India.

4. These types of workers who come as migrants play an important role in many types of building construction.

5. Through these migrant people, the country's economy gets a lot of support and these migrant people do their work as domestic servants, sweepers, newspaper distributors, sellers of goods on the ready track, sellers of goods by hawkers, shops in weekly markets. and provide base to the cities.

Q 29. What is meant by freedom of expression? What in your opinion would be appropriate restrictions on this freedom?

Answer. Freedom of expression means that every person has complete freedom to express his views. Any person in India can express his views and for this he can use newspaper, magazine or any other medium. Article 19 of the Indian Constitution clearly describes the freedom of expression.

Restrictions on freedom of expression -

1. No person shall have any right to insult any other person. No person shall utter words derogatory to any person by way of right of expression.

2. Freedom of expression gives a person a chance to express his views freely but it does not mean at all that he should exercise this right in an arbitrary manner.

3. The state can impose restrictions on the right to freedom of expression of a person if the state has an impression that the said person is threatening malice, integrity, security, peace and morality.

Or

Question. What is the difference between negative and positive liberty? Explain.

Answer. Some of the major differences between negative and positive liberty are as follows-

1. Negative liberty means the absence of any kind of restriction on the individual while positive liberty means arrangement of reasonable restrictions in place of unfair restrictions.

2. Under negative liberty it is believed that laws limit liberty while under positive liberty it is believed that laws increase liberty.

3. Supporters of negative liberty believe that a government that governs the least is best, on the other hand, supporters of positive liberty believe that the government should do more and more work so that the welfare of the individual can be achieved.

4. Supporters of negative liberty believe that the state should perform only security related functions while supporters of positive liberty believe that the state should intervene and act in every field.

5. Rousseau, Adam Smith, JS Mill etc. are supporters of negative liberty while on the other hand Laski TH Green etc. are supporters of positive liberty.

6. Supporters of negative liberty believe that open competition is better for development, while supporters of positive liberty believe that the state should continue to interfere in a reasonable amount so that the development of backward classes can also be possible.

Question 30. Why can the Lok Sabha keep the executive under control more effectively than the Rajya Sabha? Write any four suitable arguments.

Answer. The Lok Sabha controls the executive more effectively than the Rajya Sabha and the following factors are responsible for this -

1. The Lok Sabha is able to control the executive better because the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. The Council of Ministers is responsible to the Lok Sabha for its actions, due to which the Lok Sabha is able to establish better control over the Council of Ministers.

2. Through Question Hour, Supplementary Questions, and Stop Work motion in the Lok Sabha, the Lok Sabha maintains its control over the Council of Ministers ie the executive and prevents the executive from acting arbitrarily.

3. The Lok Sabha is able to establish better control over the executive also because the Lok Sabha maintains its pressure on the executive through the no-confidence motion.

4. The Lok Sabha has better control over the executive also because the Lok Sabha is a popular house and it is directly elected by the people and its members are representatives elected by the people.

Or

Question. Write any four stages of law making process in India.

Answer. The following steps are used in the process of law making in India -

1. Presentation of the Bill: The first step in the law making process in India is the presentation of any bill. Any proposal before law making is called a bill.

2. After the presentation of the bill in the house, after voting on it, the bill is sent to the committee and all these parliamentary committees discuss that bill.

3. After getting the reports of the committees, once again that bill is discussed in the house and after consideration it is sent to the other house.

4. After it is passed by both the Houses of the Parliament, the bill is taken to the President for signature and after getting the assent of the President, the bill takes the form of law.