Directorate of Education
National Capital Territory of
Delhi
Practice Question Paper With
Solution
(Mid Term Exam 2022-23)
Class-XI (2022-23)
Subject – Political Science
Max Points 80 Time 3 Hours
General Instructions:-
1.
There are total 31 questions in the question paper. All questions are
compulsory.
2.
There are three sections A, B and C in this question paper. Section A consists
of aptitude based, Section B has objective type and Section C has descriptive
questions.
3.
In Section A total five questions from 1 to 5 are given, case study based,
source and cartoon based. Answer them according to the instructions.
4. A
total of 16 objective type questions are given in Section B from 6-21. Each
question is of 1 mark.
5.
Section C consists of 2, 4 and 6 marks questions from 22-31 of descriptive
type. Answer of 2 marks questions in 40 words, 4 marks questions in 100 words
and 6 marks questions should not exceed 150 words. Answer the question related
to Map in the prescribed format.
Section A (Aptitude Based
Questions)
Question no 1-2 is case study based. Study them
carefully and answer the questions based on it.
Question 1. In the
ordinary course of law, a person can go to court only if he has suffered any
personal loss. This means that in case of violation of his right, a person
caught in a dispute can approach the court for justice. This concept has
changed since 1979. Initiating this change in 1979, the Court decided to hear a
case filed not by the victims but by others on their behalf. Since the matter
was being considered in a public interest litigation, this and many other
similar cases were named as Public Interest Litigations.(4x1=4)
1.1 Who has the right to
move court in India under the normal process of law?
A. men only
B. only women
C. Youth only
D. All Indian citizens
Answer. D. All Indian citizens
1.2 What is the correct
form of PIL?
A. Private Interest
Litigation
B. Public Interest
Litigation
C. Private Intelligence
Litigation
D. Public Intelligence
Litigation
Answer. B. Public Interest Litigation
1.3 When is the beginning
of PIL considered?
A. 1950
B. 1960
C. 1970
D. 1979
Answer. D. 1979
1.4 What is the correct
extended form of SAL?
A. Social Interest
Litigation
B. Social Action
Litigation
C. Social Article Litigation
D. Social Advisory
Litigation
Answer. B. Social Action Litigation
Question 2. The
Constitution of South Africa came into force in 1996. It was created and
implemented when South Africa was reeling under the threat of civil war after
the apartheid government was toppled. According to the Constitution of South
Africa, its Declaration of Rights is the cornerstone of democracy in South
Africa. This race prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender, religion,
conscience, faith, culture, language and birth. Constitutional rights are
enforced by a special Constitutional Court.(4x1=4)
2.1 When did the
constitution of South Africa come into force?
A. 1995
B. 1996
C. 1998
D. 1999
Answer. B. 1996
2.2 Which of the
following is basically the basis of the Constitution of South Africa?
A. Basis of the Republic
B. Basis of Democracy
C. Basis of Monarchy
D. Basis of the oligarchy
Answer. B. Basis of Democracy
2.3 Perhaps the most
widespread authority in the world is -
A. Citizens of Africa
B. Citizens of India
C. Citizens of South
Africa
D. Citizens of South
Korea
Answer. C. Citizens of South Africa
2.4 Which court has been
created to enforce constitutional rights in South Africa?
A. Supreme Court
B. High Court
C. Subordinate Courts
D. Constitutional Court
Answer. D. Constitutional Court
Question no. 3-4 is source based. Study
them carefully and answer the questions based on it -
Question 3. Political
theory systematically thinks about the values like liberty, equality, justice
which animate the political life. Clarifies the current definitions of these
concepts by focusing on some of the leading political thinkers of the past and
present. How appropriate are the current definitions and how to refine them to
make compliance with current policies more democratic. The purpose of political
theory is to train citizens to think rationally about political questions and
to assess socio-political events correctly.
(i) Political theory
contributes to the attainment of which objectives at present?(3)
Answer. The main objective of political theory is to train citizens to
think rationally about political questions and to assess various types of
socio-political events in an accurate manner. Political theory makes citizens
aware and responsible and also motivates them to participate in the governance
process.
(ii) Explain the core
values of political theory.(3)
Answer. Political theory has many important values, among which
liberty, equality and justice are prominent.
Question 4. The
constitution decides who will make the law. Who will have the power to make
laws? The constitution also lays down the limits of laws to be enforced by the
government on its citizens. Constitution is essential for a civilized society.
It is through the constitution that a society is identified as a collective
unit. By agreeing on some basic rules and principles, we form our basic
political identity.
(i) What is the relation
between constitution and law?(3)
Answer. Constitution and law are related to each other. And it is
decided by the constitution that who will make the law? The Constitution itself
sets the limits of the law.
(ii) What is meant by political
identity of citizens? (3)
Answer. Political identity of citizens means that any person becomes a
citizen of a country because he follows the basic rules and constitution of
that country. Political identity of a person is formed only after following
these basic rules and principles.
Question 5. Study the
given cartoon carefully and answer the questions based on it.
(i) On what grounds can new states be formed?(2)
Answer. The states in India were reorganized in the year 1956 by the
States Reorganization Commission. After this, states were formed on the basis
of language in India, in which Gujarat and Maharashtra in 1960 and Punjab and
Haryana were made separate states in 1966 and after that Meghalaya, Manipur,
and Arunachal Pradesh were also formed. The creation of new states in India is
mainly now done on administrative and development basis.
(ii) How can the
formation of new states be beneficial for the country?(2)
Answer. The formation of new states enables rapid development of the
country because the big states are not able to implement all their plans
completely, due to which many people remain separated from the mainstream of
development. In this way by dividing big states, they can be governed and
developed in a better way which can be beneficial for the development of the
country. On this basis, in the year 2000, the states of Uttarakhand from Uttar
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh from Madhya Pradesh and Jharkhand from Bihar were
created.
SECTION B (OBJECTIVE
QUESTIONS)
Answer the given objective type questions
from question numbers 6 to 21 as per the instructions given.
In the given multiple choice questions from
question numbers 6 to 12, select one correct option and write in your answer
sheet -
Question 6. How many
types of petitions are mentioned under the Right to Constitutional Remedies?
(1)
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
Answer. Five
Question 7. In which
non-political field politics has not entered? (1)
A. Right to Life
B. interference in
domestic life
C. foreign travel
D. Environmental Sector
Answer. A. Right to Life
Question 8. How many
amendments have been made in the Constitution of India so far? (1)
A. 101
B. 102
C. 103
D. 104
Answer. 104
Question 9. Which of the
following constitutional amendments is related to the local governance of the
village? (1)
A. 10th
B. 50th
C. 74th
D. 73rd
Answer. 73rd.
Question 10. Who
constitutes the Delimitation Commission? (1)
A. Prime Minister
B. President
C. Judge
D. Vice President
Answer. President
Question 11. When was the
voting age reduced from 21 to 18 years? (1)
A. in 1982
B. in 1998
C. in 1999
D. in 1989
Answer. in 1989.
Question 12. What is
politics? (1)
A. Politics is the art of
governing
B. Politics provides a
solution to the disputes of administration
C. Political is related
to public welfare
D. Politics has clarified
the relationship between the government and the states.
Answer. D. Politics has clarified the relationship between the
government and the states.
In question numbers 13 to 16, fill in the
blanks in the given questions.
Question 13. In a
democratic election, the public gives _____.(1)
Answer. Vote.
Question 14. The
President of the Constituent Assembly of India was ___.(1)
Answer. Dr Rajendra Prasad.
Question 15. The
structure of Panchayati Raj system in all the states is ___.(1)
Answer. Three tier.
Question 16. India is
referred to as ____ in Article 1.(1)
Answer. Union of States (Union).
Study the given questions from question
numbers 17 to 19 and write true or false in the answer sheet.
Question 17. Independent
Election Commission has been established in India.(1)
Answer. Correct.
Question 18. The 42nd
Constitutional Amendment was done in the year 1978. (1)
Answer. Wrong. (The 42nd Constitutional Amendment was done in the year
1976.)
Question 19. There was no
increase in the number of elected public representatives in the metropolitan
cities due to the elections to the local bodies.(1)
Answer. Wrong.
Write short answer to question no. 20-21.
Question 20. What do you
understand by Gram Panchayat? (1)
Answer. Gram Panchayat is the first unit of rural local government.
This is the first level of the three-tier system of Panchayati Raj system of
India. In this the decisions of the village are taken by the Panchs elected by
the people.
Question 21. Write any
two subjects in the center list.(1)
Answer. Defence, foreign affairs, war and peace, banking, currency,
railways, air service, foreign trade, etc. are all subjects in the central
list.
Or
Question . By what name
is Indian federalism known?
Answer. Indian federalism is also known as cooperative federalism.
Section C (Descriptive
Questions)
Two Marks Question -
Question 22. What do you
understand by community development programme?(2)
Answer. Community Development Program was started in the year 1952 and
the objective of this program was to ensure public participation in various
activities of local development. So we can say that community development
program was the beginning of local government.
Question 23. Define
political theory.(2)
Answer. Political theory reflects the systematic form of ideas and
policies from which our social life, government and constitution have been
shaped. It explains the meaning of concepts like liberty, equality, justice,
democracy and secularism.
Question 24. What is the
three-tier structure of local self-government? Explain. (2)
Answer. In India through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment in the year
1992, the system of three-tier self-government in rural local government, under
which Gram Panchayat, Block Panchayat and Zilla Parishad come. This is what is
called the three-tier structure of local self-government.
Four marks question
Question 25. How is the
independence of the judiciary ensured by the Constitution? Write any four such
measures.(4x1=4)
Answer. There has been a system of independent and impartial judiciary
in India so that all persons can get justice equally in India. The independence
of the judiciary has been ensured by the constitution which we can understand
through the following provisions-
1. The retirement age of judges has been fixed in India.
2. The judges of India are paid salaries from the Consolidated Fund of
the country.
3. The decision given by any judge of India cannot be challenged.
4. There is no government interference of any kind in the working of
the judiciary.
5. There is no interference of the MLA in the appointment of judges.
6. Removal of judges from their office is a very complicated process
which is called the process of impeachment.
Question 26. What is the
difference between unicameral and bicameral legislature?(4)
Answer. When there is only one house in the legislature of a country,
it is called unicameral legislature. The same when the legislature of the
country consists of two houses, it is called bicameral legislature. Some of the
major differences between unicameral and bicameral legislature are as follows -
1. In unicameral legislature only one house of Parliament gets all the
responsibilities and powers whereas in bicameral legislature both the houses
get the responsibility and powers.
2. The unicameral legislature is mainly seen in countries where the
form of government is based on the unitary system while the bicameral system is
generally seen in those countries where the form of government is based on the
federal system.
3. In unicameral system it is generally seen that the efficiency of
decision making process is generally more rapid than in bicameral system of
legislature.
4. The possibility of conflict in unicameral legislature is negligible
whereas in bicameral legislature the possibility of conflict is high.
5. In unicameral legislature both time and money are saved whereas in
bicameral legislature, time is also more and money is also spent more.
Or
Question . Explain the
structure of Parliament.
Answer. Parliament - The largest law making body of the country is
called Parliament. The Parliament of India is formed by the meeting of the Lok
Sabha, the Rajya Sabha and the President. There are mainly three organs of the
Parliament. How can we understand the structure of Parliament?
1. Lok Sabha - Lok Sabha is a major organ of the Indian Parliament, it
is the first house of the Parliament and is also called the lower house.
Elections to the Lok Sabha are held every 5 years and their members are elected
by the people. The current members of the Lok Sabha are 545.
2. Rajya Sabha - The second and important house of the Indian
Parliament is the Rajya Sabha, it is also called the second house and the upper
house. The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the members of the state's
Legislative Assemblies, which serve for six years. The maximum strength of
Rajya Sabha is 250. Rajya Sabha is never dissolved.
3. President - The third and important organ of the Indian Parliament
is the President. After the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, any bill goes to the
President for his signature and after the President's signature, that bill
becomes a law. The President is elected by the elected members of the
Parliament and the Legislative Assembly. The minimum age of the President is 35
years and the term of the President is fixed at 5 years.
Question 27. Write the
main features of federalism.(4)
Answer. Federalism is a system of government in which there is a
division of powers or government into two or more levels. The main features of
federalism are as follows -
1. In the federal system of government, the government is divided into
two or more levels, that is, in the federal system of government, there is both
the central government and the state government and at some places local
government is also seen.
2. A major feature or feature of federalism is that a written
constitution is found in it. Therefore, we can say that the main feature of
federalism is the presence of a written constitution.
3. An independent judiciary is an important feature of federalism.
Wherever there is federalism, there is an independent and fair judiciary.
4. An important feature of federalism is that the supremacy of the
constitution is found under it, that is, in countries with a federal system of
government, the constitution is supreme and everyone has to work according to
the constitution.
5. The main feature of federalism is that the legislature is bicameral
in it, that is, the form of the legislature is bicameral in countries with a
federal system.
Or
Question . Article 257(1)
deals with what?
Answer. The following provision has been made in Article 257 (1) of
the Indian Constitution -
1. According to Article 257(1) of the Constitution of India, the
executive power of every State shall be so exercised that it does not obstruct
or prejudicially affect the exercise of the executive power of the Union.
2. Along with this, the Central Government can also give guidelines in
this regard to the State Government as per the requirement.
3. If the State Government fails to comply with the order made by the
Central Government under Article 257 (1) or fails to implement it effectively,
then in this situation the President shall be empowered to impose President's
rule in the State concerned. have the right.
Question 28. In the given map of India A, B, C and D show four states having bicameral legislature. Identify them and write them in the form of the following table in your answer sheet.(4x1=4)
|
Sr.
No. |
Concerned
Alphabet |
Name
of State |
|
i. |
|
|
|
ii. |
|
|
|
iii. |
|
|
|
iv. |
|
|
उत्तर.
|
Sr. No. |
Concerned Alphabet |
Name of State |
|
i. |
A |
UTTAR PRADESH |
|
ii. |
B |
KARNATAKA |
|
iii. |
C |
MAHARASHTRA |
|
iv. |
D |
TELANGANA |
6 marks question
Question 29. What
suggestions would you give to improve the electoral system of India? Write in
detail.(6)
Answer. There is a need for some reforms in the electoral system of
India, after which the Indian electoral system can become even better. Some of
the major reforms in the electoral system of India can be done as follows -
1. Our electoral system should replace the system with the most fish
wins with some kind of proportional representation system. With this, political
parties will get seats in the same proportion as they will get votes.
2. Special provision should be made to elect women to at least one-third
of the seats in Parliament and Legislative Assemblies.
3. More stringent provisions need to be made to control the influence
of money in the electoral politics of India. The government should pay election
expenses from a special fund.
4. The candidate against whom there is a criminal case should be
debarred from contesting the election even if he has appealed against it in the
court.
5. Any appeal made on the basis of caste and religion in election
campaign should be completely banned.
6. A law should be made to control the functioning of political
parties and to make their procedure more transparent and democratic.
Or
Question . Which election
method is followed in the Indian Parliamentary elections? Explain.
Answer. Elections to the Lok Sabha - In India, the system of winning
the most votes is adopted in the elections to the Lok Sabha. This means that
the Lok Sabha elections in India are held every 5 years and any person who has
completed 5 years of age can enroll as a candidate. Every Indian voter votes in
their respective constituencies in the Lok Sabha elections and selects their
favorite candidate, in this way the process of election to the Lok Sabha is
completed. The representative who gets the most votes in the Lok Sabha
elections is declared the representative.
Elections to Rajya Sabha - Rajya Sabha is the second house of the
Parliament of India and is also known as the Upper House. The members of the
Rajya Sabha are elected by the Election Commission of India and the members of
the Rajya Sabha are elected for six years. The members of Rajya Sabha are
elected by the members of the Legislative Assemblies of the states. The seats
of each state have been fixed in the Rajya Sabha.
Question 30. Describe any
three special powers of the President.(3x2=6)
Answer. The President is the head of the executive in India and all
the affairs of the country are conducted in the name of the President. The
President has some special powers which we also call privileges. Some of these
privileges are as follows -
1. The President can return the advice of the Council of Ministers and
ask it to reconsider its decision. In doing so, the President exercises his
discretion. Whenever the President feels that a bill is not complete or there
is any error in it or if this decision is not in the interest of the country,
he can ask the Council of Ministers to reconsider its decision. Although the
Council of Ministers can send back the same bill even after reconsideration,
then the President is asked to sign that bill, but the return of a bill by the
President matters in itself.
2. The second special power of the President is that he also has veto
power. The President can return or retain any bill but not being a money bill
without giving his assent. There is no such provision in the Constitution of
India that the President has to return a bill within a certain time limit. This
means that when the President does not have to give his assent to a bill, then
he starts delaying the assent of that bill and when the President behaves like
this then it is called pocket veto. In 1986, President Giani Zail Singh had
behaved similarly on the Postal Amendment Bill.
Or
Question . Mention any
three roles of the Prime Minister as the head of the Council of Ministers.
Answer. Parliamentary executive has been adopted in India, this means
that the real power in India is exercised by the Prime Minister with the help
of his Council of Ministers. We can understand the role of the Prime Minister
as the head of the Council of Ministers through the following points -
1. In India, the place of the Prime Minister in the government is
paramount. The Council of Ministers does not exist without the Prime Minister.
The Council of Ministers comes into existence only when the Prime Minister
takes the oath of office.
2. As the head of the Council of Ministers, the Prime Minister
maintains coordination in the Council of Ministers and works to maintain
harmony among all the ministers. It is the special responsibility of the Prime
Minister that all the ministers of the Council of Ministers should be serious
about their work and support the policies and works of the government.
3. The Prime Minister, as the head of the Council of Ministers, also
decides which person is to be given which ministry and which minister is to be
removed from office. It is the responsibility of the Prime Minister to make the
council of ministers thoughtfully so that there is convenience in the operation
of the government.
4. As the head of the Council of Ministers, it is also the
responsibility of the Prime Minister to make available the information of all
his works to the President. The Prime Minister is involved in all the work of
the government. The Prime Minister is involved in all the important decisions
of the government and also takes decisions about the policies of the
government.
Question 31. Describe the
constitution making process.(6)
Answer. Constitution is the supreme and fundamental law of any
country, which is mandatory for everyone to follow. India has a written
constitution which was made by a Constituent Assembly.
Constitution making process - The constitution of India was decided to
be made by a Constituent Assembly on the recommendations of the Cabinet
Mission. The Constitution of India was prepared in 2 years 11 months 18 days.
The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly of India was held on 9 December
1946, in which Dr. Satchidanand Sinha was the President of the Constituent
Assembly, later Dr. Rajendra Prasad was made the permanent President of the
Constituent Assembly. The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly of India
was held on 9 December 1946. After partition, the Constituent Assembly of India
met again. The members of the Constituent Assembly were elected indirectly by
the members of the provincial assemblies established in 1935. According to the
plan of 3 June 1947, after partition all those representatives who came from
the pictures of Pakistan were no longer members of the Constituent Assembly.
The actual number of members of the Constituent Assembly was reduced to 299. Of
these, a total of 284 members were present on 26 November 1949. He had put his
signature on the finally passed constitution.
In the Constituent Assembly, all decisions were taken by majority and
only after discussion and deliberation any provision was added to the
constitution. The Constituent Assembly had also formed several types of
committees whose function was to examine the Constitution thoroughly. The
Constituent Assembly of India, after a long deliberation, framed the
Constitution after a period of about 2 years 11 months 18 days in which the
meeting lasted for 166 days. The sessions of the Constituent Assembly were open
to the newspapers and the general public.
Or
Question . What is the
importance of the fundamental right to freedom?
Answer. Fundamental rights have been provided from Articles 12 to 35
in Part 3 of the Indian Constitution. Basically six fundamental rights have
been provided in the Indian Constitution. Initially 7 Fundamental Rights were
provided but later the Fundamental Right to Property has been removed from the
Fundamental Rights and made only a Statutory Right and in this way there are
now 6 Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution. Among these fundamental
rights, the fundamental right to freedom is also a very important right.
Fundamental Right to Freedom - Fundamental Right to Freedom is an
important fundamental right and this right is from Article 19 to Article 22.
Major 6 Freedoms - Article 19 of the Constitution has given major 6
freedoms to Indian citizens which are as follows -
1. Freedom of speech and expression.
2. Freedom of peaceful assembly and assembly.
3. Freedom to form associations or associations.
4. Freedom to move in any territory of India.
5. Freedom to reside and settle in any territory of India. 6. Freedom
to carry on any profession, livelihood, trade or business.
Protection in respect of conviction - Article 20 of the Constitution
provides for protection in respect of conviction of offences. Through this
article it has been ensured that no person shall be compelled to testify
against himself, shall not be punished by any law other than by law, that the
same person shall be punished twice for the same offence. Punishment will not
be given.
Life and personal liberty - Article 21 of the Constitution clearly
states that no person shall be deprived of his life and personal liberty except
according to procedure established by law.
Right to Education - The right to education has been provided in Article
21A of the Indian Constitution. This right has been added to the Constitution
of India by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act 2002, which clearly states
that the state shall provide free education for children between the ages of 6
and 14.
Protection from arrest and preventive detention- Article 22 clearly
states that if any person is arrested, he should be immediately informed of the
reason for his arrest, he should be at liberty to have a lawyer of his choice,
24 hours a day. should be presented before the Magistrate.
Even if a person is arrested under preventive detention in which the
person is detained before committing the crime, the reason for the person's
arrest should be given immediately and such person can be placed under house
arrest for 3 months only.
Thus we see that the right to freedom is a very important fundamental
right in the Indian Constitution.