STUDY TIME

MID TERM EXAM-2022-23

Subject – Political Science

Class-XI

Important questions and answers of two marks.

Question 1. Mention any two subject areas of political theory.

Answer. 1. Political theory studies the state and government.

2. Political theory studies power and political ideologies.

Question 2. State any two advantages of studying political theory.

Answer. The two advantages of studying political theory are as follows:

1. Political theories convey systematic thinking about justice or equality.

2. Prepare future citizens for democracy.

Question 3. Why is the Indian Constitution called a living document?

Answer. The Indian Constitution is called a living document because the Constitution is dynamic and keeps on changing itself according to the circumstances. The Constitution appears as a living document by making changes in itself when necessary. It has been more than 70 years since the Indian Constitution was made, but it is as relevant and important today as it was at the time of its creation.

Question 4. "It is necessary for the citizens to be aware for the successful operation of democracy." Comment

Answer. The success of democracy depends to a large extent on conscious democracy. In a country where the citizens are aware of their rights and duties and raise their voice when it is exploited or violated and oppose the wrong decisions of the government, in such a situation democracy works in real form. Indifference to public affairs allows certain powers to dominate governance and, in the long run, puts democracy at risk.

Question 5. Describe any two functions of Gram Panchayat.

Answer. The main two functions of Gram Panchayat are as follows:

1. Preparation of various types of plans for the development of Panchayat area.

2. To pay attention to the cleanliness of the village.

3. To encourage small and cottage industries.

4. Preparation of annual budget.

Question 6. What do you understand by constitutional amendment?

Answer. Making changes in the constitution when necessary and adding new provisions and bringing changes in the old provisions is called constitutional amendment. Constitutional amendment is done through Article 368 in the Indian Constitution.

Question 7. What are parliamentary committees? Answer. The constitution of committees for various legislative and day-to-day affairs of Parliament is an essential aspect of parliamentary business. These committees deliberate on various matters and also supervise the administrative work. For example, Public Accounts Committee, Estimates Committee and Public Undertakings Committee etc.

Question 8. For what issues are PILs used?

Answer. Public interest litigation is an important feature of the Indian judiciary. Public interest litigation is used to protect the rights, protect the environment, issues related to public interest and to make the life of the poor more better.

Question 9. Election is a festival of democracy. How? Answer. Elections are like a festival for democracy, in which all adults who have completed 18 years of age participate enthusiastically and choose their favorite candidates of their own free will.

Question 10. What do you understand by the special powers of the Supreme Court?

Answer. The power to hear appeals made under special articles petition on a case passed or given by any court in the Indian territory is called the power of privilege of the Supreme Court.

Question 11. What do you understand by Universal Adult Suffrage?

Answer. Universal adult suffrage is the right of every citizen in India who has completed 18 years of age to vote without any discrimination of caste, religion, sex, place of birth, language, or any other.

Question 12. Who is included in the Indian Parliament?

Answer. The Indian Parliament is made up of the two houses Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and the President.

Question 13. What do you understand by rule of law?

Answer. The rule of law means that there will be a common law and order system for all persons in the country and will also apply equally to all. The provision of rule of law in the Indian Constitution has been taken from the Constitution of Britain and it has been rendered by Dicey.

Question 14. What do you understand by federalism?

Answer. Federalism simply means division of powers. When powers are divided in two or more places, it is called federalism.

Question 15. Mention two functions of the Election Commission of India.

Answer. The two main functions of the Election Commission of India are

1. Declaring the date of election.

2. Preparation of voter list.

3. Preparation of Identity Card.

4. Release of election results.

Question 16. When and who presented the Objectives Resolution of the Indian Constitution?

Answer. The Objectives Resolution of the Indian Constitution was presented by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on 9 December 1946.

Question 17. What do you understand by majority?

Answer. Majority means more than one-half of the total seats.

Question 18. How does the Parliament exercise control over the executive?

Answer. Parliament controls the executive by debate and discussion, approving and approving laws, financial control and no-confidence motion.

Question 19. What do you understand by judicial review?

Answer. Judicial review means that the judiciary can interpret any law passed by the legislature and any part of the constitution.

Question 20. What do you understand by the fundamental jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?

Answer. Fundamental jurisdictional authority of Supreme Court means that in India some suits can be initiated only in the Supreme Court such as a fight between two states or a fight between a center and a state.

Question 21. Who has the right to make laws on the Concurrent List?

Answer. Both the Central Government and the State Government have the power to make laws on the Concurrent List.

Question 22. 73rd and 74th constitutional amendment is related to which field?

Answer. In the Indian Constitution, the 73rd Constitutional Amendment is related to Panchayati Raj and the 74th Constitutional Amendment is related to Urban Local Government.

Question 23. Describe any two federal features of the Indian Constitution.

Answer. The two major federal features of the Indian Constitution are as follows -

1. Written Constitution.

2. Independent and impartial judiciary.

3. Division of Powers.

4. Three tier government.

Question 24. What are the requirements for declaring an area as a city?

Answer. The following words are necessary to declare an area as a city:

1. Population should be at least 5000.

2. More than 75% of the population should be separated from agricultural activities.

3. The population density should be 400 persons per square kilometer.

Question 25. What are the sessions of the Indian Parliament?

Answer. There are three main words of the Indian Parliament which are as follows -

1. Budget session.

2. Monsoon Session.

3. Winter Session.