STUDY TIME

SUBJECT POLITICAL SCIENCE

CLASS-XII

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

TWO MARKS

(PART - I)

Question 1. Why does India want to join ASEAN?

Ans. India wants to further improve its relations with ASEAN due to the following factors -

1. To increase trade with ASEAN countries.

2. ASEAN is an emerging regional organization.

Question 2. Name the countries that come in South Asia and in which country of South Asia caste conflicts are seen?

Ans. The countries that join South Asia include India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives. Caste-based conflict is seen in Sri Lanka, a country in South Asia. Here this conflict exists between Tamil and Sinhalese speaking people.

Question 3. Israel has emerged as the new center of power Give arguments in support of your answer.

Ans. Israel has emerged as a new center of power in the 21st century and the following circumstances are responsible for this -

1. At present Israel has become a powerful country as a military power and Israel exports military material to different countries of the world.

2. Israel is also the country with the most powerful technical capability in the world and its security technology is quite famous in the world.

Question 4. On what issues are there tensions between India and Pakistan in South Asia?

Ans. There are many points of dispute between India and Pakistan in South Asia, some of which are as follows -

1. There is always tension between India and Pakistan regarding the Kashmir issue.

2. Terrorist incidents across the border are also a major issue of contention between India and Pakistan.

3. Criticizing India on the global stage by Pakistan also plays an important role in souring the relations between the two countries.

Question 5. What is South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) and how has it facilitated trade in South Asian countries?

Ans. The member countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) agreed to the South Asian Free Trade Agreement in January 2004, and the agreement entered into force in January 2006. The main objective of the South Asian Free Trade Agreement is to promote free and free trade between the member countries of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation and it has done this task in its very best way.

Question 6. In which year were the first general elections held in India and what were the problems faced during that time?

Ans. The first general elections were held in India between October 1951 and February 1952. The following problems were faced during the first general election -

1. Demarcation of constituencies and preparation of electoral rolls was a big problem.

2. Names of about 40 lakh women could not be registered in the voter list.

3. The voters were not literate and they were not even aware of the voting process. 

Question 7. What do you understand by Coalition Government and what are its drawbacks?

Ans. When two or more political parties form a government before the election or after the election, then such a government is called a coalition government. Some of the drawbacks of the coalition government are as follows -

1. Coalition government is a weak government and it can disintegrate at any time.

2. In a coalition government, the head of the government is in a very weak position and is also not able to take decisions.

Question 8. Give any two lessons from the Emergency of 1975.

Ans. National Emergency was declared on 25 June 1975 in the name of internal disturbance in India under Article 352 of the Constitution of India. After this emergency, we got many types of lessons, some of which are as follows -

1. After this emergency, we realized that the roots of democracy in India are very strong and they cannot be brought down easily.

2. After this emergency, a lesson was also learned that the public needs to be aware and there is also a need to keep an eye on the work of the government and participation in the formation of public opinion is necessary.

                                        (PART - II)

Question 1. What are the objectives of the establishment of ASEAN?

Ans. ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 and the main objectives of its establishment are as follows -

1. To promote free trade among ASEAN member countries.

2. To reduce tensions among ASEAN member states and to provide a platform for global peace. 

Question 2. What do you understand by South Asia?

Ans. In general, the term South Asia is used together with Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan and Sri Lanka. South Asia, the great Himalayan mountain range of the north, the Indian Ocean to the south, the Arabian Sea to the west and the Bay of Bengal to the east transform this region into a distinct region.

Question 3. Democracy is mostly seen in the countries of South Asia. Give arguments in favor of proving this statement to be true.

Ans. The democratic governance system is the first choice of the countries of South Asia and this statement is also completely true, the following arguments can be given for this -

1. The democratic governance system in India, the largest country of South Asia, has been completely successful, which confirms that the democratic governance system is most popular in the countries of South Asia.

2. In other countries of South Asia, which includes Sri Lanka, Pakistan, democratic governance has been established in that place too.

Question 4. What do you understand by democratic revival? How many democratic upsurges have taken place in India so far?

Ans. Democratic revival simply means an increase in people's faith and belief in democracy and the rise or movement of democracy once again. There have been three democratic upsurges in India so far.

Question 5. In the 21st century, India has emerged as a new center of power. Do you agree with this statement?

Ans. In the 21st century, India has emerged on the world stage as a new center of power. The following arguments can be given to make India the new center of power -

1. India is the fastest growing economy of the world and it is also a big market in the world which is the center of attraction for the investors.

2. India's military capability is tremendous and India is also a nuclear power country.

Question 6. What were the major factors responsible for the declaration of National Emergency in the year 1975?

Ans. National Emergency was declared on 25 June 1975 in the name of internal unrest in India and the following factors were attributed to it -

1. The opposition parties of the country are doing anti-government politics and are not allowing the government to function.

2. The possibility of internal unrest in the country is increasing.

3. Progressive programs of the government are being hampered due to repeated agitations and dharna demonstrations in the country.

Question 7. Different types of deadlocks are seen in political parties in India. What are the issues on which all political parties agree?

Ans. Multi-party political system is found in India, here different political parties take a sky view from each other, but still there are some issues on which all political parties have a common ideology which is as follows -

1. Implementation of new economic policy.

2. Development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes.

Question 8. Why was the first general election in India called gambling?

Ans. The first general elections were held in India from October 1951 to February 1952. The first general election was called a gamble for which the following arguments are given

1. For the first time in India, elections were to be held on such a large scale.

2. Many people believed that the Election Commission of India would not be able to conduct elections successfully.