STUDY TIME

SUBJECT POLITICAL SCIENCE

CLASS-XII

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

SIX(6) MARKS

Question 1. Describe the lessons of National emergency of 1975.

Answer. On 25 June 1975, a national emergency was declared in India in the name of internal unrest. This emergency was in force in India for 18 months. We also learned some lessons from this emergency which are as follows -

1. During the Emergency, many such provisions were made which tried to weaken the democracy, but one lesson of the Emergency came to the fore that democracy can never end from India because everyone has faith in Indian democracy.

2. Many types of fundamental rights were suspended and suspended during the Emergency. The role of the judiciary for the protection and protection of fundamental rights increased and many types of civil rights protection organizations were also seen.

3. A word of emergency was also found that you would never impose emergency in the name of internal disturbance in India, instead the word armed rebellion was added to the constitution and it was also made mandatory that the written information of the Council of Ministers be given to the President. Only then will emergency be declared in India.

4. A problem was also found as a lesson of emergency that people need to be aware and should also be aware of the work of the government so that they can decide right and wrong and criticize. There was tremendous awareness among the people after the emergency.

Question.2 What is meant by non-congressism? Who gave this idea?

Answer. Non-Congressism: The phenomenon of other opposition political parties and leaders uniting in opposition to the Congress party was addressed as non-Congressism. All these opposing parties and leaders argued that the policies of the Congress party are against democracy and are not welfare for the common citizens and poor of India, so we all have to unite and oppose the Congress and come forward as an organized political party. you have to come.

Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia addressed this process of uniting all these political parties and leaders against the Congress party in the name of non-Congressism. All these opposition leaders and political parties argued that the Congress has to be removed to save democracy in India.

Question 3. 'Countries in South Asia mistrust each other. This prevents the region- from uniting and exerting its influence in international forums.' Give any two examples to support this statement and suggest measures to strengthen South Asia.

Answer. Under South Asia, these countries are included in India Nepal Bhutan Bangladesh Pakistan Sri Lanka Maldives and sometimes Myanmar and Afghanistan are also considered as part of it. The countries of South Asia trust each other and this statement is true, we can give the following arguments in favor of this statement –

1. There are border disputes between many countries of South Asia such as India-Pakistan India and Bangladesh etc.

2. Terrorist incidents on the border are also a factor of mistrust in the countries of South Asia and the role of Pakistan in this factor is considered to a great extent which reduces each other's trust.

3. There are also apprehensions about India in the small countries of South Asia because India is a big economy and in terms of military capability, India is much more developed than other countries from the South.

4. One of the factors of mistrust in the countries of South Asia is the interference of external powers of the world.

Measures to strengthen South Asia: Many efforts need to be done to strengthen South Asia, some of which are as follows –

1. The countries of South Asia will have to make efforts to establish peace by removing mutual differences.

2. Endeavor to eliminate cross-border terrorist incidents and cooperate with each other so that these terrorist activities can be eliminated and opportunities for development and peace can be increased.

3. To further strengthen South Asia, all these countries will have to increase trade activities among themselves and further sweeten various types of cultural and technological ties.

4. To strengthen South Asia, SAARC also has to be strengthened because it is an organization that provides opportunities for development to the countries of South Asia as well as does enough work to maintain peace and order.

Question 4. How can Russia be considered as a new centre of power in the 21St Century. Elaborate.    

Answer. At present, Russia has emerged as a new center of power. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia became the successor of the Soviet Union and Russia has also been declared the successor of the Soviet Union in the United Nations. In the 21st century, Russia has emerged as a new center of power on the following grounds-

1. Russia has immense reserves of natural resources. Russia is very rich in terms of mineral resources and natural gas reserves and due to these reserves Russia has become a powerful country in the world.

2. Russia has a huge stockpile of weapons, which includes all types of missiles and weapons of advanced and modern types. Russia is also the world's largest arms seller.

3. Russia is a permanent member in the UN Security Council and has veto power and Russia's nuclear power also makes it a new center of power.

4. The economy of Russia is one of the most developed economies in the world and its GDP rate is also very good which makes it stand among the powerful countries of the world.

5. At the international level, Russia has the ability to intervene in global affairs and the influence of Russia's talk is also clearly visible on global politics, due to which Russia has emerged as a new center of power.

6. Russia is the largest country in the world and the technical capability of Russia is also very developed.

Question 5. What are the major changes in Indian politics after 2014. Explain.                                   

answer. The Indian Democratic Alliance government was formed in 2014 and since then many changes have been seen in Indian politics. We can understand the major changes in Indian politics since 2014 as follows -

1. Since 2014, there has been a big change in Indian politics, now development and good governance have become a major issue in Indian politics and both these issues have become the entire focus of the government. The government is formulating and working on many schemes and policies for development and good governance.

2. After 2014, a change was also seen in Indian politics that the National Democratic Alliance under the leadership of Bharatiya Janata Party gave a slogan of Sabka Saath Sabka Vikas and after the formation of the government, to keep this slogan alive, the government has Made many plans and is making continuous efforts for their implementation. In Indian politics, now there is talk of ensuring the development of every section and work is also being done on that.

3. After 2014, an attempt has been made to eliminate caste based politics in Indian politics and efforts are being made to develop plans and work on them related to nation building, which is being considered as a big change.

4. Since 2014, the government has made many types of schemes, including Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, Jan Dhan Yojana, Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana, Kisan Fasal Bima Yojana, Beti Padhao Beti Bachao Yojana, Ayushman Bharat Yojana etc. The sole purpose of these schemes is to make all round development of India and to reach development opportunities to every citizen of India.

5. After 2014, we have also seen that there has been a tremendous promotion of nationalism in Indian politics.

 

Question 6. Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan is known for which of his three major contributions? Elaborate.

Answer. Jayaprakash Narayan is also known as Loknayak. Jayaprakash Narayan was a prominent Gandhian leader and he did not resort to violence in any of his movements and followed the path of non-violence and did many types of movements. Three of the major contributions made by Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan to Indian politics are as follows-

1. Struggle against corruption - Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan led the movement against corruption in Bihar on the request of the students and played his role in making it a nationwide movement. Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan provided leadership to the students of Bihar and Gujarat for the movement in a non-violent way and fiercely opposed corruption.

2. Theory of Community Socialism - Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan is also remembered for the theory of community socialism given by him. Jayaprakash Narayan believed that a country is reflected in the three-tier form of community, region and nation. Jayaprakash Narayan ji believed that India is a community of communities and this is the real reality.

3. Theory of Total Revolution - Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan ji is also known for the theory of complete or total revolution seen by him. Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan ji believed that revolution should not be limited to the political field only, but there is a need for change in every field i.e. revolution, moral, cultural, economic, political. Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan ji believed that the origin of every kind of revolution is the person who is also the head of every kind of change in India.

Question 7. Is "ASEAN" relevant in present times? Explain.     4

answer. ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 by 5 countries through the Bangkok Declaration. Even today, ASEAN remains a very important regional organization. We can understand the current relevance of ASEAN through the following points -

1. ASEAN is currently working on creating a free trade zone in terms of investment, labor services, and it has also achieved great success in this area.

2. We can also see the relevance of ASEAN in such a way that fast growing economies like China and India are showing great interest in trade and investment with ASEAN.

3. The way ASEAN has gained fame through ASEAN style, in fact it is absolutely needed even in the present times so that the atmosphere of peace and security is maintained in the world.

4. ASEAN, through its forum, has provided a forum for world powers to discuss political and security matters several times and there is always a need for such a forum.

5. ASEAN believes in the principles and objectives of the United Nations and works for its promotion and we also need such regional organizations which carry out such work.

 

 

Question 8. What is Integral Humanism? Who propounded this idea? Explain.                                              

Answer. Integral Humanism - Integral humanism is a concept or ideology under which indigenous socioeconomic paradigm has been propounded and under it man is the only center of development. It is and should be necessary to ensure a dignified and dignified life for every individual by establishing a synergy between the needs of the individual and the society.

Integral humanism advocates sustainable consumption of natural resources so that these resources can be replenished. The concept of unitary humanism was propounded by Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay who was also a great philosopher, sociologist, economist and politician.

Question 9. "The nature of Congress was that of a social and ideological coalition." justify.                                 

Answer. Congress party is one of the oldest political party in India. This political party has also played an important contribution in the independence of India. From the very beginning the nature of Congress was of a social and ideological alliance which we can understand through the following points -

1. Farmers and industrialists, city citizens and village workers and owners, as well as the middle class, lower class and upper class and people of all caste groups got a place in the Congress party.

2. In the Congress party, we saw that it included the extremists and the moderates and the right wing and the left as well as the middle path, thus it was a mixed social and party with different views.

3. This social and all-inclusive policy of the Congress Party brought tremendous success to the Congress and presented a huge challenge to the opposition parties at that time.

4. Under the Congress party, the representation of different groups of sections was available and women also participated in the Congress party with great enthusiasm and were able to present their ideas and ideologies through the Congress party.

Question 10. Critically evaluate the role and limitations of SAARC in paving the way for economic cooperation among the countries of South Asia.                                          

Answer. SAARC was established in December 1985 to maintain and enhance economic relations and peace order among the countries of South Asia. At present there are 8 members in SAARC. SAARC has done a lot in preparing the way for economic cooperation among the countries of South Asia, which we can understand through the written points -

1. SAARC in its 12th Summit held in January 2004 signed the Free Trade Agreement from the South, also known as SAFTA, and implemented it from January 2006.

2. The main objective of the South Asian Free Trade Agreement is to remove barriers to free trade in the countries of South Asia and to promote free trade.

3. SAARC has adopted a new liberal policy in South Asia, seeking to eliminate all forms of restrictions on trade and promontory, which has benefited all member countries.

4. The member countries of SAARC have established three technical and economic cooperation ventures in the Bay of Bengal by forming BIMSTEC, through which trade and investment have increased.

Thus we can say that SAARC has played an important role in economic cooperation among the South Asian countries.

Criticism: SAARC has played an important role in establishing free trade and economic cooperation among the countries of South Asia through its efforts but it still has many shortcomings which we can understand as follows -

1. Due to mutual differences between the member countries of SAARC, the objectives of SAARC are not being achieved in which estrangement between India and Pakistan is failing its economic objectives.

2. SAARC, like the mother of other regional organizations of the world, has to widen its role so that it can achieve its economic objective. At present, it is finding it difficult to achieve its objectives.

3. SAARC will have to issue its flag, its song and its founding day as well as one of its currency, like the European Union, so that its influence can be widespread.

4. Many types of differences are seen between the countries of South Asia and the obvious effect of these differences is visible in the failure of SAARC objectives.

Question 11. What do you know about Maldives, a SAARC member. Describe India-Maldives relations.            

Answer. Maldives: Maldives is a small island country in South Asia. It is also a neighboring country of India and a member country of SAARC. The rule of the Sultanate was established in the Maldives till the year 1968, after which the republic system was adopted here and the presidential system of government was established. In June 2005, Maldives adopted the multi-party political system of democracy and established democracy as a reality. MDP The political party has dominance and control in the political affairs of the Maldives.

Relations between Maldives and India: India and Maldives have very cordial and good relations, both countries are peace loving countries and the political objectives of both the countries are the same. We can understand the relations between India and Maldives through the following points -

1. In the year 1988, India had sent its army to Maldives so that the military conspiracy there could not be successful and in this way India had helped Maldives.

2. The trade and economic relations between India and Maldives are also very good. There is a lot of trade of goods between the two countries.

3. India has also provided special assistance to Maldives in economic development, tourism and fisheries industry.

4. India and Maldives have signed four agreements in the year 2020 which shows that very cordial and good relations are still established between the two countries.

Question 12. Describe any three factors for the rise of coalition governments.                                           

Answer. Coalition Government: When a political party does not get a clear majority after the result of the election, then in such a situation, two or more political parties together form the government which is called coalition government. What are some of the major factors for the rise of coalition government in India?

1. Weakening of National Political Parties: Since the 1980s in Indian politics, it has been seen that the national level political parties started becoming relatively weak and many factors were also responsible for this, such as split amongst themselves and leaders. Due to lack of unanimity, the political parties became very weak. As a result, no party could get a clear majority in the Lok Sabha elections and they had to take the help of various regional parties to form the government. So we can say that weakening of national political parties is a major factor in coalition politics in India.

2. Rise and Importance of Regional Political Parties: In the 1980s, the period of rise of regional political parties started in Indian politics and gradually these regional political parties established special influence in their respective regions and for this they are scheduled. The issues of caste, tribe and other backward classes helped. Regional political parties because of their influence influenced the public opinion in the Lok Sabha elections and also got some seats which were very important in the formation of the government and these political parties started playing their important role in the formation of the government.

3. Rise of Opportunistic Politics: Indian politics has witnessed socio-economic and political changes since 1990 in which caste politics and politics of religion and sect have provided opportunities for regional political parties to do opportunistic politics and they have taken this opportunity. By taking advantage, he strengthened his role in government formation.

Question 13. What is good governance? What programs are being run by the present central government of India with the aim of establishing good governance?                       

Answer. Good Governance: A system of governance under which priority is given to public welfare works and efforts are made to establish a quality and value based system in governance, which is called good governance. At present, the National Democratic Alliance, under the leadership of the Bharatiya Janata Party, raised the issue of good governance and formed the government with a huge majority by giving the slogan of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vishwas. At present, the central government tries to run its public welfare work and policies for that good governance and development, the main examples of which are as follows -

1. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan - A very big effort of the Government of India, which launched a campaign for cleanliness and cleanliness in India, through which information and awareness was provided to every citizen that for India to develop, cleanliness has to be made a campaign And it has to make its contribution.

2. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme: The Government of India, following its path of good governance, started an important scheme named Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme and under this scheme special provisions have been made for women's education in India.

3. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana: Under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, the Indian government will provide free LPG gas connections to women in the country so that they do not face any problem in cooking.

4. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana: Through this scheme, the Government of India has planned to open an account in the bank to provide banking facilities to every family of the country so that every person can keep his money in banks safe and use it.

5. Kisan Fasal Bima Yojana: The Government of India has started this scheme in the form of giving financial help to the farmers in case of loss of their crops. Many farmers of the country have also applied to take advantage of this scheme and this is a very good effort of the Government of India.

6. Ayushman Bharat Scheme: Ayushman Bharat Scheme is such a scheme of the Government of India, under which the financially weak people in India have to provide security related insurance so that they do not face any kind of health problems.

7. Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana: The objective of this scheme is to provide electricity supply to agricultural and non-agricultural consumers in rural areas in India so that they can use them judiciously.

Question 14. State any 5 reasons for the dominance of the Congress party in the first 3 general elections of India.

Answer. In the first 3 general elections of India, there was dominance or dominance of the Congress party, behind which the following factors are responsible-

1. The success of the Congress party in the first three general elections was because it was an old political party and no other political party was older than it.

2. Due to the contribution of the Congress party in the freedom movement, this party also got the support of the people, due to which it used to win the elections easily.

3. The nationwide network or network of the Congress Party also played an important role in making the Congress Party win the elections. The reach of the Congress party was to every part of India.

4. The Congress party included big stalwarts and influential leaders of the country at that time such as Jawaharlal Nehru, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, K. Kamaraj, Morarji Desai, Jagjivan Ram, Vallabhbhai Patel etc. Because of these leaders, it was easy for the Congress party to win the election.

5. During the first three general elections of India, no strong opposition party was present at that time due to which the Congress party did not face any kind of special opposition and hence it easily won the election.

Question 15. Explain any four factors that make the European Union an effective organization.

Answer.

The European Union

1. After the Second World War, America established the European Organization for Economic Cooperation to provide financial aid to Western Europe under the Marshall Plan.

2. The process of economic integration of European capitalist countries proceeded systematically and in the year 1949, the European Council was created.

3. This council was later transformed into the European Economic Community in the year 1957 and after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1992, the European Union was established after the Maastricht Treaty.

4. The European Union also has its own flag, national anthem, foundation day and currency. The European Union was the largest economy in the world until 2005. The EU's GDP in 2005 was approximately $12 trillion.

Question 16. Explain any three positive and any three negative effects of globalization.        

Answer. Globalization is a process in which there is free flow of goods, capital, labor and ideas. There are positive and negative effects of globalization on the whole world which are as follows-

Positive Effects of Globalization - Some of the major positive effects of globalization are as follows –

1. Due to globalization, there has been a tremendous increase in trade all over the world, that is, due to globalization, there has been a benefit due to which the trade of all the countries has become much more than before.

2. An effect due to globalization has also been seen that due to this there has been a tremendous change in the standard of living of the people than before. The standard of living of the people has become much better than before which shows the positive impact of globalization.

3. A positive effect of globalization has also been seen that now people have increased the number of choices of things and food. Before globalization, there were limited amount of food and drink options.

Negative Effects of Globalization - Globalization is a multi-dimensional process, it has various effects. Some of the negative effects of globalization are as follows

1. Due to globalization, there has been a continuous increase in economic inequality. In many countries of the world, due to globalization, economic inequality has increased very fast i.e. the rich have become richer and the poor have become poorer.

2. The negative effects of globalization have also been seen that due to this there has not been an equal flow of labor and capital i.e. developed countries have benefited in capital investment but have stopped the flow of labor through strict visa policy.

3. A negative effect of globalization has also been seen that due to the advent of big multinational companies, small businessmen and companies have suffered huge amounts and have almost reached the verge of ruin.

Question 17. Write a note on the establishment of democracy in Nepal.         

Answer. Nepal is a small peace loving country in South Asia. Monarchy was established in Nepal from the beginning, but after 1990, the demand for democracy in Nepal started which was completed in the year 2006. We can understand the process of establishment of democracy in Nepal through the following points-

1. Constitutional monarchy was established in Nepal and people in the country had been demanding more open and responsible governance but the king had taken full control over the governance with the help of army and did not allow democratic system to be established.

2. In the year 1990, a movement in support of democracy started in Nepal and due to this movement, the king accepted the demand of the constitution and on the other hand the Maoists had started making their impact in Nepal.

3. The Maoists were against the king and the ruling elite. So there was a triangular fight between Raja's army, Maoists and pro-democracy as a result of which in the year 2002 Raja dissolved the parliament and dismissed the government.

4. In the year 2006, there were demonstrations in support of countrywide democracy in Nepal and the supporters of democracy got the first victory when King Gyanendra restored the Parliament which was dissolved in the year 2002, this movement was led by 7 parties did it together.

5. In Nepal in 2008, monarchy was completely abolished and Nepal was declared a democratic republic and in the year 2015, a new constitution has also been adopted in Nepal. The Maoists have accepted their representation in the government leaving the path of struggle and have shown a sense of dedication for the development of Nepal.

Question 18. Write any 6 consequences of the National Emergency that was imposed in India on 25 June 1975.     

Answer. Emergency was declared on 25 June 1975 in the name of internal unrest in India. Various consequences of this national emergency were seen which are as follows-

1. After the declaration of emergency, all the opposition leaders were imprisoned and in this way the government tried to remove all its opposition leaders from its path.

2. After the declaration of emergency, censorship was imposed on the press in the country, this meant that now no newspaper or news channel could publish any kind of news or news without the permission of the government.

3. After the declaration of emergency, it was also seen that organizations named Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Jamaat-e-Islami were banned and they were stopped from doing any kind of activity.

4. Any kind of dharna, demonstration or strike in the country was completely banned. As a result of the declaration of emergency, now any such activity was strictly prohibited.

5. An effect of the declaration of emergency was also seen that all the fundamental rights of the citizens were suspended and the fundamental rights became ineffective.

6. The government arrested political activists through the Preventive Detention Act and also placed many people under house arrest under this law.

7. After the declaration of emergency, the newspapers Indian Express and the Statesman in the country, which were prevented from publishing, left their blanks and thus these newspapers showed their protest.

8. Journals like Seminar and Main Stream stopped their publication after the declaration of emergency.

9. After the declaration of Emergency, Kannada writer Shivaram Karat and Hindi writer Phanishwar Nath Renu returned their titles to the government in protest against the Emergency.

10. Through the 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976), many changes have been made in the constitution such that any dispute related to the election of the Prime Minister, President and Vice President could not be challenged in court and the term of the legislature was increased from 5 years. 6 years was done.

Question 19. Highlight any three issues on which there is wide consensus among most of the political parties of India.

Answer. We often see that in democratic politics there is an environment of conflict and debate among the political parties and all the political parties are seen opposing each other. It is commonly seen in India too, but there are some issues on which almost all political parties agree. Following are some of the major issues-

1. Representation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes : We have seen in India that all the political parties are in complete agreement that people belonging to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes should be included in the Indian political process in any way whatsoever. So, participation can be increased. All political parties want that these classes should get equal representation in Indian politics and the participation of these classes of people in governance should increase.

2. New Economic Policy: The New Economic Policy was adopted in India in the year 1991 and through this policy, processes like globalization, liberalization and privatization were included in the Indian economy. The objective of the new economic policy was to increase economic development at a rapid pace in India and it was also aimed at increasing the possibilities of investment in India and rapid growth in trade. Most of the political parties of India fully agree that new economic policy is necessary for the rapid economic development of India and there is also a constant need to do proper work in this direction.

3. Importance of Regional Parties: Most of the political parties in India also agree that regional parties have a very special importance in government formation and this importance has increased tremendously since 1989 at the Centre. All political parties Jai believes that special importance has to be given to these regional parties because they play a special role in the formation of government, whether at the state level or at the central level.

Question 20. How did the Congress split in 1969 as a result of mutual factionalism between the Syndicate and Indira Gandhi?

Answer. The Congress split in 1969 and a major factor behind this was the wide-ranging differences between Indira Gandhi and the Syndicate. We can call the split of the Congress party in 1969 as the result of factionalism between Indira Gandhi and the Syndicate. The following circumstances were responsible for the split of Congress in 1969-

1. An important factor for the split of the Congress party in 1969 was that Indira Gandhi did not give enough importance to the syndicate leaders, due to which the leaders of the syndicate remained angry with Indira Gandhi and finally this resentment after the split of the Congress party in 1969 Could get away

2. Indira Gandhi's socialist policies have also been a responsible factor behind the split of the Congress party in 1969. Indira Gandhi wanted to implement these socialist policies while the opinion of the Syndicate was completely different from her.

3. The split of the Congress party in 1969 also happened because there were a lot of differences between the leaders of the syndicate and the youth leaders. There was a deep rift between the influential and experienced leaders of the syndicate and both did not agree with each other's opinion.

4. Indira Gandhi wanted to nationalize banks and she also nationalized banks in 1969 but Indira Gandhi did not agree with the syndicate leaders for nationalization of banks and the syndicate leaders were not satisfied with this decision of Indira Gandhi.

5. After independence in India, some privileges were given to the kings of the princely states, which are called privy purses. Indira Gandhi wanted to abolish this privilege rule i.e. Privy Purse but the then External Affairs Minister Morarji Desai did not agree that the Privy Purse should be abolished.

6. In the year 1969, presidential elections were to be held in the country and the official candidate from Congress in this election was Neelam Sanjiva Reddy. Everyone was convinced that Neelam Sanjiva Reddy would easily win the election and become the President of the country, but a statement by Indira Gandhi in which she fielded VV Giri as the candidate for the post of President won the Presidential election. After that the split of the Congress party became inevitable.

7. The expulsion of Indira Gandhi from the Congress Party eventually became the ultimate cause of the split of the Congress Party. The syndicate expelled Indira Gandhi from the Congress party after the presidential election, thus splitting the Congress party into two, with Congress (R) being represented by Indira Gandhi and Congress (O) represented by the syndicate.

Question 21. Explain the factors responsible for the growth of Chinese economy.                   

Answer. China is currently one of the largest economies in the world. China is developing very fast and according to one estimate it will become the largest and most developed economy in the world in the coming few years. Some of the factors responsible for the growth of Chinese economy are as follows-

1. China tried to improve its relations with America in the year 1972 and ended its political and economic isolation and with this policy, China made its economic development very fast.

2. In the year 1973, Prime Minister Chou En Lai made four proposals for modernization in the field of agriculture, industry service and science technology. After this modernization proposal, China started its development very rapidly.

3. China's economic development started very fast in the year 1978 after the economic reform and open door policy by Deng Xiaoping. The Open Door Policy of 1978 began to accelerate the pace of China's economic development, and we are still seeing its results.

4. Farming was privatized in China in the year 1982 and due to this, there was a very rapid development in the field of agriculture in China, which also contributed greatly to the development of the country.

5. In the year 1998, industries were privatized in China. Along with this, special economic zones were created in China whose purpose was to promote foreign investment and accelerate the development of the country.

6. China decided to join the World Trade Organization in the year 2001 to increase its economic development and in this way China has done a special task of connecting its economy with other economies of the world, which gives it the advantage of rapid economic growth. As seen.